SELECT 
  option_type as type, 
  option_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_options 
WHERE 
  option_id IN (
    50, 158, 188, 2, 52, 9, 82, 84, 154, 155
  )

Query time 0.00018

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_options",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["option_id"],
      "rows": 10,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_product_options.option_id in (50,158,188,2,52,9,82,84,154,155)"
    }
  }
}